In a large pot of salted boiling water, cook the whole wheat pasta according to package instructions until al dente. Drain and set aside, reserving about 1 cup of the pasta water.
In a large skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add the ground turkey and cook until browned, breaking it apart with a spatula (about 5-7 minutes). Season with salt and pepper.
To the skillet, add the chopped onion and diced bell pepper. Sauté for another 4-5 minutes until the vegetables are softened. Stir in the minced garlic and cook for an additional 1 minute until fragrant.
Pour in the diced tomatoes with their juices, and add oregano, paprika, and red pepper flakes. Mix well to combine and let it simmer for about 5 minutes to allow the flavors to meld.
Stir in the chopped spinach until wilted, then add the cooked pasta to the skillet. If the mixture seems dry, add a little of the reserved pasta water until your desired consistency is reached.
Taste and adjust seasoning with more salt and pepper if needed. Remove from heat and serve warm, garnished with fresh basil leaves and a sprinkle of grated Parmesan cheese.